Ifeyinwa Celestina MGBEMENA
Abstract. Jetropha curcasis an ornamental plant which is also employed to cure various infections in traditional medicine. It has been reported to have effective in vitroantimicrobial activity against bacteria. In this study, antimicrobial activities of aqueous and methanolic leaf extract of Jetropha curcas was investigated using microbiological and biochemical analysis. This activity was tested against eight different bacterial isolates comprising of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. Six (6) isolates out of eight were sensitive to both aqueousand methanolic extract of Jetropha curcasleaf. The extract also compared favourably with ampiclox and chloramphenicol which served as positive control in this work. The phytochemical analysis showedthe presence of alkaloid (20.1%), saponin (2.60%), phenol(0.26%), flavonoid (4.7%), tannin(2.69%) and cyanide which was almost negligible at 3.62 ppm leaf extract.
Keywords: Phytochemicals; E. coli; aqueous; methanol; antibacterial; choramphenicol; Jetropha; Ampiclox
QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE COMPOSITION OF LIPIDS OF BIOMASS OF
STREPTOMYCETES AFTER CULTIVATION ON MEDIA WITH DIFFERENT
COMPOSITION
Svetlana BOORTSEVA,
Yulia BEREZIUK,
Maxim BYRSA,
Oleg CHISELITSA,
Alexandru MANCIU,
Natalia CHISELITSA
Abstract.
The growing of biomass, lipid synthesis and lipid
fractions of streptomycetes isolated from soils of Republic of
Moldova was studied. Strains of streptomycetes were cultivated on four
media: complex media (M-I and R – main source of Carbon
and Nitrogen – corn flour and starch) and synthetics classic media
(Czapek and Dulaney). After cultivation for 5 days at 27°C on
agitator, it was found that the amount of biomass after cultivation on
a complex media, varies from 3.5 to 19.6 g/l, and less after
cultivation on synthetic media – 2.26-6.32 g/l. The amount of lipids on
the complex medium is from 1.5% to 18.69%, and on
synthetic media – 3.12-12.6%.The qualitative composition of lipids in
the studied strains of streptomycetes was almost identical: the
main lipid fraction were submitted by phospholipids, sterols, mono-di
and tri-glycerides, sterol esters and waxes. Strains S. ssp. 12,
19 and 36, the amount of phospholipids was more after cultivation on
synthetic media (12.6-15.4%) and at S. ssp. 47, 66 and 205 -on complex
media (11.1-17.16%), the amount sterols changed, depending on the
strain and nutritive medium from 7.3 to 14.6%,
triglycerides from 16.48 to 55.1%, sterols esters – 10.8-20.0%, waxes –
5.1-36.5%, free fatty acids from 8.11 to 18.8 %. Of greatest
interest are strains S. ssp. 19, 36, 47 and 66 constituting the largest
amount of biomass after cultivation on complex media (12.1-19.6%),
wherein the amount of lipids is from 5.9 to 18.7% and the
physiologically active lipid fraction (phospholipids, sterols)
-10.75-17.2% and 9.8-14.6%, respectively. Indicators allow us to
consider the strains as the basis of new biological drug for animal
husbandry.
Keywords: Streptomycetes; medium for cultivation; biomass; lipids; lipid fractions.
SANITARY PARAMETERS OF WATER FROM SECU AND VĂLIUG DAM RESERVOIRS, CARAŞ-SEVERIN COUNTY (ROMANIA)
Radu FETKE, Rahela CARPA, Mihail DRĂGAN-BULARDA
Abstract.The study consists in determining the sanitary groups of bacteria from the waters of the Secu and Văliug dam reservoirs. The two reservoirs serve several functions, mainly to guarantee drinking and industrial water for Reşiţa city, energetic, flood and wave mitigation, turistic recreation and fishing. Sanitary water quality has been assessed by quantifying the presence of pathogenic indicators and their seasonal and annual variation during two years, 2009 and 2010. The water samples were collected seasonally from different points- dam, middle, tail- and dephts. There have been studied three sanitary indicators: total coliforms, faecal coliforms and faecal enterococcus. Data analysis showed decreasing trends for total coliforms in both reservoirs and for faecal coliforms in Secu Lake, but an increasing tendency for faecal coliforms in Văliug Lake, which may occur due to massive human activities and faeces domestic pollution. The conclusion based on the evaluation of the results is that the numerical density of sanitary bacteria was low in the majority of the collection points. The maximum values were recorded in the peripheral-anthropic areas and in the depths of both lakes. Of all groups of evaluated bacteria, the coliform have shown the maximum values while the faecal enterococcus had the minimum values, even undetectable ones in some samples.
Keywords: sanitary indicators; faecal contamination; drinking water; Secu and Văliug dam reservoirs
Carmen Liliana BĂDĂRĂU, Andreea NISTOR, Florentina STROE
Abstract. The purpose of this study was to estimate the effects of combined therapies (electrotherapy and treatments with Satureja hortensis essential oils, H2O2 1mM pH 5.6 applied by spraying the plants acclimated in green house for decrease PVX and PVY infection level. Electrotherapy was applied in 4 variants: after washing and sizing explants, potato stems infected were exposed to 100 and 50 miliampers, for either 10 or 20 minutes, followed by sterilization and planting the axillary buds tip in vitro. Only the healthy plants (obtained from PVY and PVX infected plantlets variety Roclas) were used for the experiment. Monitoring the vegetative state of regenerated plant was done by estimation the chlorophyll (portable device SPAD 502 Chlorophyll Meter) and the anthocyanin (portable device ACM 200 plus, Antocianin Chlorophyll Meter) content of the leaf. Within the decrease of PVY and PVX infection level by using electrotherapy and was noticed a significant decrease of chlorophyll content compared to the negative control in case of variant 100mA/20minutes. Regarding the content of anthocyanin, there were not significant differences between values recorded in the experimental variants. Compared to the negative control, however, it was found small increase of anthocyanin content in case of material initially infected with PVY (but the values were not statistically supported). As opposed the content of anthocyanin, we noticed that monitoring of chlorophyll content indicated beneficial effects of combined therapies over the biological material regenerated from plantlets infected with PVX and PVY and treated.
Keywords: PVX, PVY, electrotherapy, chlorophyll, anthocyanin, Satureja hortensis essential oils Abbreviations: PVY potato virus Y; PVX potato virus X; EOs essential oils; MS Murashige Skoog
Houshang NOSRATI, Mahin NORAMIDEH, Ahmad Razban HAGHIGHI, Maryam NIKNIAZI
Abstract Information on relationship between geographic distribution range and genetic variations among congeneric species are useful for understanding the ecological and evolutionary patterns of population geneticists. We studied this relationship in three Astragalus species of A. sahendii with narrow endemic, A. tabrizianuswith relatively wider-endemic and A. caspicuswith widespread geographical distribution range using Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs) in a region where their distributions do overlap each other. The number and percentage of polymorphic RAPDs loci were 56 and 46.08% in A. sahendii, 48 and 44.12% inA. tabrizianus, and 70 and 63.73% inA. caspicus. The smallest (0.122) and greatest (0.200) Nei' diversity were detected in A. tabrizianusand A. caspicuspopulations, respectively. Higher genetic diversity detected in A. sahendii with very restricted narrow endemic distribution compared to variation of A. tabrizianuswith relatively wider-endemic distribution may suggest that the other factors e.g. pollination mode play stronger role than geographical distribution on the genetic structure and diversity of plant population and species.
Keywords: geographical distribution; genetic variations; narrow endemic; widespread distribution; RAPDs
Cristina STANCĂ-MOISE
Abstract. This paper is a tribute to the memory of former lepidopterologists at the celebration of 120 years since the opening of the Museum of Natural History in Sibiu, but also an important contribution to the knowledge of the Lepidoptera’s heritage in Romania. In the collections of Lepidoptera studied, were identified 481 specimens belonging to 12 families and 174 species. List of the 174 species collected between 1871-1970 from Dumbrava Sibiu Forest and degree of endangerment are of great scientific and documentary value. Systematic classification is updated in the Catalog of Romania’s Lepidoptera.
Keywords: collections, Lepidoptera, museum anniversary
