ABSTRACTS 2012 #2                                   
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DISTRIBUTION AND OCCURRENCE OF MOSQUITO SPECIES IN THE MUNICIPAL AREAS OF IMO STATE, NIGERIA

Ifeyinwa Celestina MGBEMENA, Tochi EBE

Abstract. A study of the ecology of drainage - breeding mosquito vectors was conducted in the three urban centers (Owerri, Orlu and Okigwe) of Imo State, Nigeria. Four drainage sites located around markets, residential, stream and hotel premises were selected in each urban centre. Dipping method of sampling was employed and a total of 8,820 mosquitoes comprising eight species namely; Aedes aegypti, Aedes vittatus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Culex tigripes, Culex horridus, Culex cinereus, Culex annuliorus and Anopheles gambiae were encountered; in Owerri and Orlu with Cx. cinereus being completely absent in Okigwe. Cx. quinquefasciatus was predominantly present in all drainage sites with the highest occurrence of 4,474(50.74%) followed by Aedes aegypti 1814 (20.57%), An .gambiae 945(10.71%), Cx. tigripes 484 (5.48%) Ae. vittatus 420 (4.76%), Cx. horridus 264 (02.99%), Cx. cinereus 261 (2.96%), Cx. annuliorus 159 (1.88%). Of all sites sampled, market drainages had the highest abundance of mosquitoes which was significantly higher than (ANOVA, P≤ 0.05) those found in the residential, streams and hotel premises. Residential drainages recorded the second highest density followed by stream/vegetation drainages and hotel drainages which had the least. The abundance and distribution of mosquitoes in Owerri (130.06) the State Capital was significantly higher (ANOVA, P≤ 0.05) than those for Orlu (93.44) and Okigwe (52.13). The mosquito species identified in this study are of public health importance and there is an urgent need to desilt and clean up these drainages for free flow of water. This will not only rid these species of breeding sites but also free the State of the diseases associated with these organisms.

Keywords: Drainage, Distribution, Culex, Vectors, Markets

 

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE PHYTOCOENOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE BEECH FORESTS OF THE LUZULO-FAGETUM TYPE IN THE ORAŞTIE RIVER BASIN (CENTRAL-WESTERN ROMANIA)

Valeriu Ioan VINŢAN, Petru BURESCU

Abstract. In the current paper we present a phytocoenologic study of the phytocoenoses of the association Luzulo albidae- Fagetum sylvaticae Zólyomi 1955 (Syn.: Hieracio rotundati-Fagetum (Vida 1963) Täuber 1987, Dechampsio flexuosae-Fagetum Soó 1962, Luzulo-Fagetum silvaticae (Beldie 1951) Morariu et al. 1968) identified in the acidophylous beech forests of the Orăştie river basin, situated in the central-western part of Romania. The characterisation of the association under analysis as well as the presentation of the synthetic table have been done by selecting the most representative relevées performed in the beech forests of the Luzulo-Fagetum type belonging to the Orăştie river. The phytocoenoses of these beech forests were analysed in terms of physiognomy and floristic composition, life forms spectrum, floristic elements, and ecological indices.

Keywords: phytocoenoses, association, relevée, floristic elements, life forms, ecological indices, Orăştie river basin.

 

PHENOTYPICAL SIGNS AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF Saccharomyces cerevisiae – MANNOPROTEIN PRODUCERS

Agafia USATÎI, Elena MOLODOI, Nadejda EFREMOVA, Natalia CHISELIŢA, Tamara BORISOVA, Ludmila FULGA

Abstract. Phenotypical signs and chemical composition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNMN-Y-18 and Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNMN-Y-19 yeast strains are described in this article. The presence of protein complexes with high content of irreplaceable amino acids and antioxidant enzymes, as well as polysaccharides with predominance of mannoproteins allow to recommend these yeast strains for the utilization in biotechnology. Results are of interest for the standard description of yeast strains offered as object for industrial appointment.

Keywords: Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mannoproteins, yeast, phenotypical signs, chemical composition, polysaccharides, β- glucanes, lipids, superoxide dismutase, catalase

 

REVIEW: HEPATOPROTECTIVE AND MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THREE GENERA: Equisetum, Lycopodium, AND Gentiana

Maria SUCIU, Aurel ARDELEAN

Abstract. Liver injury treatments are among the most important of today’s research domains, because with every passing year there is a more acute need for liver transplants. Many of the everyday drugs that people use, and all the toxic influences and unhealthy food lead to some form of liver disorder. That is why today’s attention is drawn to the potentials of a few miracle plants that have the ability to reduce or cure liver damage. Equisetum, Lycopodium and Gentiana genera species are well known homeopathic plants in the Northern Hemisphere. Their properties are used in many disorders, and in the recent studies they are tested for their microbiological and hepatic curative actions.

Keywords: hepatoprotective, Gentiana, Equisetum, Lycopodium, microbiological activity

 

THE BIOREMEDIATION POTENTIAL OF MARINE SANDY SEDIMENT MICROBIOTA

Dan Răzvan POPOVICIU

Abstract. The natural microbiota from marine sandy sediments on the Romanian sea coast was tested for resilience in case of hydrocarbon contamination, for estimating the number of (culturable) hydrocarbon and lipid oil-degrading microorganisms and for determining the influence of inorganic nitrate and phosphate nutrients on hydrocarbon spill bioremediation process, by microcosm experiments.
Results show that hydrocarbon contamination affects the bacteriobenthos both in terms of cell numbers and composition. Bacterial numbers showed a rapid decrease (28% in four days), followed by a relatively fast recovery (two weeks). The pollution favoured the increase of Gram-positive bacterial proportion (from around 25% to 33%)
Sandy sediment microbiota in both sites studied contained microorganisms able to use mineral or lipid oils as sole carbon sources, usually around 103-104/cm3, with variations according to the sediment grain size and substrate used.
The biostimulation experiments showed that, in absence of water dynamism (and, implicitly, an efficient oxygenation), the addition of nitrogen and phosphorus can be ineffective and even inhibit the remediation process, probably due to eutrophication.

Keywords: bacteria, sandy sediment, bioremediation, hydrocarbons, lipid oils, nutrients

 

THE EFFECT OF [Co(DH)2(An)2]2[TiF6]·3H2O COORDINATION COMPOUND ON POLYPEPTIDE SPECTRUM OF AMYLOLYTIC PREPARATION FROM Aspergillus niger 33-19 CNMN FD 02A STRAIN

Alexandra CILOCI, Cezara BIVOL, Maria STRATAN, Veaceslav REVA, Steliana CLAPCO, Janeta TIURIN, Andrei RIJA, Eduard COROPCEAN

Abstract. From mycelial fungus Aspergillus niger 33-19 CNMN FD 02A cultivated on nutrient medium supplemented with [Co(DH)2(An)2]2[TiF6]·3H2O coordination compound amylolytic preparation with total α-amylase activity of 40042U/g and a specific activity of 131.3U/mg proteins was obtained. Through gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography enzyme preparation was purified 7.8 fold with a yield of 13%. SDS-PAGE electrophoresis of purified α-amylase revealed 2 polypeptide bands of 66 and 40.5kDa identified as α-amylase isomorphs similar to previously obtained results on Aspergillus niger grown without any coordination compounds. [Co(DH)2(An)2]2[TiF6]·3H2O increase the activity of non-purified amylolytic preparation, most likely due to the bonds formed between metal complex and some α-amylase radicals.

Keywords: Aspergillus niger, α-amylase, enzyme purification, coordination compounds, SDS-PAGE

 

CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL STUDY OF SESSILE AND TURKEY OAK FORESTS IN THE ORĂŞTIE AREA (CENTRAL-WESTERN ROMANIA)

Valeriu Ioan VINŢAN, Petru BURESCU

Abstract. In the current paper we present a phytosociological study of the phytocoenoses of the association Quercetum petraeae-cerris Soó 1963 (Syn.: Quercetum polycarpae-cerris G. Popescu 1988) identified in the Orăştie river basin, situated in the central-western part of Romania. The characterisation of the association under analysis as well as the presentation of the phytosociological table have been done by selecting the most representative relevés performed in the Turkey and Sessile oak forests of the lower and central parts of the Orăştie river basin (Culoarul Orăştiei). This paper aims at analysing the phytocoenoses of the association Quercetum petraeae-cerris Soó 1963 in terms of physiognomy and floristic composition, life forms spectrum, floristic elements, and ecological indices.

Keywords: Quercus cerris, phytocoenoses, association, alliance, relevé, floristic elements, life forms, ecological indices.

 

EFFECTS OF Satureja hortensis OIL TREATMENTS AND EXOGENOUS H2O2 ON POTATO VIRUS Y (PVY) INFECTED Solanum tuberosum L. PLANTS UNDER DROUGHT CONDITIONS

Carmen Liliana BĂDĂRĂU, Nicoleta CHIRU, Florentina DAMSA, Andreea NISTOR

Abstract. Effects of treatments with Satureja hortensis essential oils and H2O2 were evaluated in plants testing positive after Potato virus Y (PVY) infection, under drought conditions. In vitro PVY infected and uninfected plants were transfered to a greenhouse, injected with a Satureja hortensis essential oils suspension and sprayed twice a week with H2O2 (1 mM, pH 5.6). The treatments enhanced minitubers weight and starch content in PVY infected plants. Under drought conditions, minitubers produced by infected and treated plants had significantly more starch than the controls. The treatments had positive effects on infected minitubers, such as weight, reduction of number, starch content, sprouting and tolerance to drought. A signal role for Satureja hortensis essential oils and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in lessenning symptoms is suggested.

Keywords: Satureja Hortensis essential oil, hydrogen peroxide, potato virus Y, drought stress Abbreviations: ROS reactive oxygen species, SH Satureja hortensis, Eos essential oils, PVY potato virus Y, DAT days after transplanting, SD standard deviation

 

IN VITRO MICRORHIZOMES INDUCTION AND GENETIC STABILITY OF A MEDICINAL PLANT Acorus calamus L. TOWARDS GERMPLASM CONSERVATION THROUGH SYNTHETIC SEED PRODUCTION

Satyajit KANUNGO, Chinmay PRADHAN, Anath Bandhu DAS

This article was retracted from AUOFB online journal. See details here

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