RESEARCHES CONCERNING THE INFLUENCE OF INORGANIC SUBSTRATUM
OVER GLYPHOSATE MINERALIZATION CAPACITY IN SOIL
Ersilia ALEXA, Mihaela BRAGEA, Renata SUMALAN, Monica NEGREA
Abstract. The object of this work was to study the dynamic of glyphosate mineralization in different agricultural soils
characteristic to the west part of Romania: Black Chernozem, Typical Gleysol, Phaeozom and Slight Vertisol with moderate
carbonatation. The degradation experiment was conducted under controlled laboratory conditions using Glyphosatephosphonomethyl-
14C-labeled with specific activity 2,2mCi/mmol. The experimental results indicated that the dynamic of glyphosate mineralization until the stage CO2 in present of inorganic compounds is different for each soil, the mineralization of the herbicide is important in the first days of incubation and then decreases with time until the end of experimentation.
Keywords: mineralization, soil, Glyphosate-phosphonomethyl-14C-labeled, Chernozem, Typical Gleysol, Phaeozom and Slight Vertisol
THE ANALYSIS OF SOME CFTR GENE MUTATIONS IN A SMALL GROUP
OF CF PATIENTS FROM SOUTHERN PART OF ROMANIA
Pompilia APOSTOL, Danut CIMPONERIU, Irina RADU, Lucian GAVRILA
Abstract. Cystic fibrosis is the most common hereditary disease in European descendant populations, with prevalence
depending on ethnic groups studied. In contrast to other European countries, there is little information regarding the frequency of
CFTR mutations for the Southern part of Romania. The aim of this study was to test the presence of nine CFTR mutations in CF
patients from the Southern part of Romania, using complementary analysis methods. We investigated a group of unrelated CF
patients (n=19) and, when possible, their voluntary parents (n=15). We observed that the most frequently worldwide CF mutation,
ΔF508, was present in 17 of our patients (89.5%) in homozygous (n=7) or heterozygous (n=10) condition and absent in 2 cases
(10.5%). This mutation was also detected in ten parents, seven of them (100%) have homozygous children and three (37.5%)
have heterozygous children for ΔF508 mutation. None of the G542X, S549N, G551D, R553X, R560T, S1255X, W1282X and
N1303K mutations have been detected in the samples from patients or parents. Our results are partially similar with those reported
in neighbouring countries where the ΔF508 is the most common mutation detected and the frequency of R560T, S549N, G551D and
S1255X mutations is near zero. The enlargement of this study could give a better result regarding the spectrum of CFTR mutations
in Romanian patients with CF.
Keywords: Cystic fibrosis, CFTR gene, ΔF508, mutations
RESEARCHES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF CROP ROTATION
(FORERUNNER PLANT) AND FERTILIZATION LEVEL ON THE DYNAMICS OF
TOTAL DRY BIOMASS ACCUMULATION IN WINTER WHEAT
Ileana ARDELEAN, Gheorghe-Emil BANDICI, Cristian-Felix BLIDAR
Abstract. The knowledge of biomass accumulation dynamics in winter wheat, correlated to concrete edaphic and climatic conditions, race and cultivation technologies, offers the possibility of guiding the process toward the realization of higher and stable production efficiency per surface unit. Research and production results were engaged at the elaboration of the present work, and especially the original researches developed by the author referring to the biomass accumulation dynamics in winter wheat cultivated on brown-luvic soils in central area of the Western Plain of Romania. Data from scientific literature were also used in the present work. The theoretical and practical importance as compared to other similar works is enhanced by a strict reference to a particular area in western Romania. The present work is bringing new information to the actual scientific area of interest and offers technical solutions for efficient technical interventions in correlation with biological capacity of the plant putting them in value.
Keywords: forerunner plant, fertilization level, biomass accumulation, phenophase, winter wheat
THE INFLUENCE OF THE FORERUNNER PLANT,
FERTILISATION LEVEL
AND CLIMATIC CONDITIONS
ON THE TOTAL WET AND DRY GLUTEN CONTENT
OF WINTER WHEAT SEEDS
Ileana ARDELEAN, Gheorghe-Emil BANDICI, Cristian-Felix BLIDAR, Cornelia PURCAREA
Abstract. The quality of the cultivated plants depends on the employed cultivar and hybrid, climatic characteristics during the
cultivation year and also, on the applied technology.
There are important references in scientific literature that emphasize the implication of different factors in influencing the
quality of the obtained production. They underline the importance of nitrogen on the increase in protein content, on wet and dry
mass gluten also on the amelioration of quality indexes of gluten. The authors mention the role of the ameliorative plant (pea) on the
wheat quality and the important role of the regionalised wheat races on the quality of raw protein and gluten.
Keywords: forerunner plant, fertilization level, dry gluten, wet gluten, winter wheat seeds
THE ANSWER OF SOME OLD VARIETIES OF SOLANUM TUBEROSUM L.
FOR IN VITRO CULTIVATION
Anca BACIU
Abstract. The genus Solanum is of great importance for the molecular and cell biology researches in general, and for the
vegetal genetic engineering in particular.
Solanum tuberosum ssp. tuberosum L. is one of the most important culture plants of the temperate zone, being the fifth in rank
among the cultivated species around the world and the fourth in rank as world crop [12] and as proteins production among the
culture plants.
In the scientific activity of the Department of Genetics the magneto fluids nanocomposites have been used since from 1985.
From the historical point of view the magneto fluids nanocomposites were use in technology, medicine and in the plant kingdom.
The most spectacular results were obtained in medicine in the carcigenesis treatment. The magneto fluids nanocomposites were used
in biotechnology, especially for improving the regenerative processes.
In our experiments we wanted to understand the magneto fluids nanocomposites effect upon in vitro regeneration processes in
Solanum tuberosum L. old varieties.
These studies are good opportunities for further potato genetic resources conservation researches and for political and ethical
decisions.
Keywords: potato, varieties, in vitro, magneto fluids nanocomposites
THE INFLUENCE OF CROP ROTATION, FERTILISATION LEVEL AND
PHENOPHASE ON THE PARTICIPATION WEIGHT OF WHEAT COMPONENTS
(ROOT SYSTEM, STEM, BLADES AND SPIKE) AT TOTAL PHYTOMASS
REALISATION ON BROWN LUVIC SOILS IN THE WESTERN PLAIN OF ROMANIA
Gheorghe-Emil BANDICI, Cristian-Felix BLIDAR, Ileana ARDELEAN,
Monica-Angela SIPOS
Abstract. The growth of the winter wheat is characterized by an increase in the volume and weight of the whole plant: roots,
stem, blades and spike. Every component displaying a particular response to the influence of environmental factors, having a
particular developmental rhythm function of it’s own characteristics.
The knowledge of the plants’growth dynamics accepts the intervention in a certain moments of the agrotechnical factors
(fertilization, sowing period, density, forerunner plant) in order to provide high and stable production. The dynamics of the
phenomena in relation with growth of the winter wheat made the object of this research.
Keywords: winter heat, crop rotation, fertilization level, phenophase, phytomass wheat components, forerunner plant
RESEARCHES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF FORERUNNER PLANT AND
FERTILIZATION LEVEL IN WINTER WHEAT ON THE PHYTOMASS REMAINS
(ROOTS AND STUBBLE FIELD)
AND THE DEPOSITS OF WEED SEEDS REMAINED IN THE GROUND
Gheorghe-Emil BANDICI, Cristian-Felix BLIDAR, Adriana PETRUS-VANCEA,
Ileana ARDELEAN
Abstract. An important problem refers to soil weeds seed bank with special reference to brown luvic soils and relationship between vegetal remains (roots + stub) and agrofund – crop rotation plant. A great number of seeds can be found in first 20 centimeters of soil (plowing layer). This fact causes a high weeds density, which has a negative effect on the cultivated plants leading to partial or total crop loss.
Keywords: crop rotation, phytomass, dry weigh, root, stub, accumulation, weed seeds.
IN VITRO REACTIVITY OF CYMBIDIUM HYBRIDUM L. PROTOCORMS, ON
BISTRATIFIED CULTURE MEDIA,
USING VARIOUS SUPERNATANT SUCROSES SOLUTION
Cristian-Felix BLIDAR, Gheorghe-Emil BANDICI, Ildikó SZABÓ, Lucia MIHALESCU,
Oana-Elena MARE-ROSCA
Abstract. Knowing the fact that the protocorms’ multiplication processes are accelerated in their submersion conditions in
liquid medium, against the situation that, these protocorms are vitrocultivated on solid (agarized) medium cultures (which prevails
in organogenesis processes), we propose to study the influence exerted by the cultures, practiced in bistratified regime, to
Cymbidium protocorms in vitro cultures. In this interest, as supernatant we used bidistilled water, either on sucrose, glucose or
fructose solutions, in different concentrations, which were applied over the inoculated protocorms on agarized medium cultures. The
basic medium culture used by us in these experiments was Murashige – Skoog (1962) [13]. To this, we added different growth
regulators, like: 2,4-D (2 mg/l), or mixtures of BA (2 mg/l) with NAA (1 mg/l), or only BA (2 mg/l), or only NAA (1 mg/l). The
witness lot consisted of vitrocultivated protocorms on agarized medium culture, without growth regulators, cultivated in monolayer.
After 90 days from the initiation of the double-layered medium cultures, we ascertained that, the application of the second layer
(the liquid one) over the agarized medium cultures strongly stimulated the multiplication of Cymbidium protocorms, and mostly if
the second layer was bidistilled water; the usage of a 5% glucose solution as supernatant, was the most inefficient procedure, matter
the micropropagation of Cymbidium protocorms, regardless the content of growth regulators existing in agarized layer of medium
cultures.
Keywords: protocorm, Cymbidium (orchid), double-layer, carbohydrates, “in vitro”
RESEARCHES CONCERNING NITRATES AND NITRITES ACCUMULATION IN
KOHLRABI IN THE WEST SIDE OF ROMANIA
Alina BULMAGA, Aurel LAZUREANU, Ersilia ALEXA, Monica NEGREA
Abstract. In this study we followed the monitoring of nitrate and nitrite content in kohlrabi after the administration of organic
and mineral fertilizers in different doses. Kohlrabi samples (GIGANT hybride) for the analysis have been taken from an
experimental field established in Mosnita, near Timisoara. In the experimental field to kohlrabi have been administrated three doses
of synthetic fertilisers NPK N0P0K0 N30P30K30, (200 kg/ha NPK) N60P60K60 (400 kg/ha NPK) and N120P60K60 (400 kg/ha NPK + 180
kg/ha ammonium nitrogen) and one dose of organic fertilisers (organic compost - 30 t/ha).
The nitrate and nitrite content in kohlrabi was done from aqueous solution after spectrophotometric detection using the rapid
tests AQUA MERCK and the Spectrophotometer SQ 118 at a wavelength of 515 and 525 nm for nitrate and nitrites. The
experimental results show that the nitrate content, in samples taken from the Timis County we registered values above maximum
limit allowed for kohlrabi. The highest nitrate content (2180 ppm) was registered to variant V4 where the used mineral fertiliser dose
was N120P60K60. This excessive accumulation appears because of the high nitrogen content N120 applied to this variant.
Keywords: kohlrabi, nitrate, nitrite, organic and mineral fertilizer
EARLY REHABILITATION IN A CASE OF PLURIMALFORMATIVE SYNDROME
WITH DELETIONS OF CHROMOSOMES 13 AND 18
Mariana CEVEI, Dorina STOICANESCU, Carmen AVRAM
Abstract. Deletion of long arm of chromosome 13 is characterized by malformations of the craniofacial region, skeletal
abnormalities, other physical abnormalities and intellectual disability. Deletion of the long arm of chromosome 18 is a rare
chromosomal disorder with a phenotype that may vary considerably in range and severity, depending on the type of deletion and
location of the breakpoint. Subjects have characteristic features including short stature, mental retardation, hypotonia,
malformations of the hands and feet, craniofacial abnormalities and numerous neurologic deficiencies with a high incidence of
dysmyelination. In this paper we report the case of a female infant with multiple congenital abnormalities, craniofacial
dysmorphism, severe mental retardation and severe hypotonia, who was found to have deletions of the long arm of chromosomes 13
and 18. We included her in a rehabilitation program from the age of eleven months. Rehabilitation programs aimed improving
hypotonia as well as stimulating the development of motor skills. We observed the case for a period of one year, periodic
monitoring of muscle tone and performance, along with the neurological status, showing significant motor and mental improvement.
Conclusions: Rehabilitation treatment is effective and must be an early intervention.
Keywords: chromosomal abnormality, hypotonia, rehabilitation.
BOUTELOUA CURTIPENDULA IN HERBARIUM UNIVERSITY
OF CRAIOVA, ROMANIA
Iulian COSTACHE
Abstract. The paper presented in full material with the interesting presence of the Bouteloua curtipendula in Herbarium
University of Craiova. This species has been collected by Marin Paun in June, 26th, 1962, but the species has not been identified.
The species presence as new for Romania, has been presentation in summary in the 7th International Symposium „Prospects for the
3rd Millennium Agriculture” October 2-4, 2008, USAMV Cluj-Napoca [5].
Keywords: flora, Bouteloua curtipendula (Michx.) Torr., Oltenia, Romanian
ON BRYUM DICHOTOMUM FROM BRYOFLORA OF ROMANIA
Gheorghe Constantin DIHORU, Iulian COSTACHE
Abstract. The confusion of microspecies belonging to the variability group of Bryum bicolor species, separated mainly according to the length of the leaf arista, is solved through their synonymizing with Bryum dichotomum. The analysis of our material collected from Oltenia, initially lead us to Bryum versicolor microspecies.
Keywords: Bryum dichotomum Hedw., morphology, chorology, Romania
STRESS-PHYSIOLOGICAL REACTIONS OF THE GREEN ALGA
SCENEDESMUS OPOLIENSIS TO WATER POLLUTION WITH HERBICIDES
Laszlo FODORPATAKI, Csaba BARTHA, Zsolt Gyula KERESZTES
Abstract. The freshwater green alga Scenedesmus opoliensis proves to be a suitable bioindicator of water pollution with
different herbicides. One of the best molecular markers of stress condition imposed by herbicides is overproduction of
malondialdehyde resulting from lipid peroxidation in the damaged membranes. Methylviologen, a largely used pre-emergence
herbicide which generates reactive oxygen species in the illuminated chloroplasts, triggers the accumulation of ascorbic acid and
enhances the enzymatic activity of catalase, both of these substances being involved in the antioxidative protection of algal cells.
Diuron, a herbicide that inhibits photosynthetic electron transport on the acceptor side of photosystem II, causes a decline in oxygen
production and in biomass accumulation of algae. Glufosinate induces accumulation of toxic ammonia and leads to enhanced net
oxygen production, associated with a low rate of carbon assimilation. Long-term exposure to micromolar concentrations of
defense. A proper bioindication of toxic effects of herbicides on algae requires a selected combination of different physiological and
biochemical parameters which reflect the degree of stress exerted on living organisms by water pollution with xenobiotic organic
compounds.
Keywords: algal biomass, antioxidants, environmental stress, lipid peroxidation, molecular indicators, water pollution
LEAF MICROMORPHOLOGY IN BUXUS SEMPERVIRENS L.
DURING THE ONTOGENESIS
Irina Neta GOSTIN
Abstract. Ultrastructural aspects of leaf epicuticular waxes were investigated in Buxus sempervirens by scanning electron
microscopy. The leaves were hypostomatic and stomata were surrounded with a cuticular thickening that formed a rim. The most
prominent epicuticular wax structures of B. sempervirens leaves included granules and platelets.
Keywords: cuticle, epicuticular wax, leaf, stomata
STRUCTURAL MODIFICATION INDUCED BY AIR POLLUTANTS
IN PLANTAGO LANCEOLATA LEAVES
Irina Neta GOSTIN
Abstract. Some structural parameters of Plantago lanceolata leaves, which may be considered as biomarkers, were
investigated, in order to establish what modifications occur under the pollutants action. The material was represented by leaves of
different ages collected from sites with different pollution degrees of the Ceahlau Mountain.
External symptoms such as necrotic areas were observed on plants leaves exposed to air pollution. The leaf structure of the
analyzed species show some dark deposits in the assimilatory cells, especially from palisade parenchyma. The necrotic areas shows
hypertrophied assimilatory cells with thick walls and tannin deposits. Solid deposits are present on both on upper and lower
epidermis.
Keywords: leaf, palisade parenchyma, pollution, polyphenolic compounds
CELLULAR BYSTANDER EFFECTS
AND RADIATION HORMESIS
Loredana MARCU
Abstract. Bystander effects describe the effects of extracellular mediators from irradiated cells on neighbouring non-irradiated
cells resulting in radiation-induced effects in unirradiated cells. Although the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown, it is
widely recognised that two types of cellular communication (i.e. via gap junctions and/or release of molecular messengers into the
extracellular environment) play an essential role. Additionally, the effects can be significantly modulated by parameters such as cell
type, cell-cycle stage and cell density. Some of the common bystander effects or biological end points which are evidenced after
low-dose irradiation are: chromosomal instability, cell killing and delayed cell death, mutagenesis, micronucleus formation, gene
and protein expression changes. Through these end points it is likely that bystander effects can be both detrimental and beneficial.
By increasing mutation levels of cells bystander effects increase the likelihood of genetic defects and in turn cancer. On the other
hand by removing damaged cells from the population and preventing the growth of cancer cells, bystander effects are beneficial.
Radiation hormesis is a term used to relate the beneficial effects of small doses of radiation on living cells, whether plant,
animal or human. Experiments on bacteria, plants and animals have demonstrated that several biological mechanisms are stimulated
by low dose radiation, such as: protein synthesis, gene activation, detoxication of free radicals and stimulation of the immune
system. These mechanisms were also observed in humans.
The present review paper is a compilation of the most recent data on bystander effects and the possible implications of cellular
response to radiation on cell growth and development.
Keywords: adaptive response, bystander effect, hormesis, low dose radiation
INFLUENCE OF CADMIUM ON THE RESPIRATION INTENSITY
OF ZEA MAYS SEEDLINGS
Lucia MIHALESCU, Oana-Elena MARE-ROSCA, Monica MARIAN, Cristian-Felix BLIDAR
Abstract. The respiration intensity of corn seedlings treated with different concentrations of cadmium chloride was ascertained
at the beginning of the experiment for a duration of three consecutive days, followed then by a new assessment in the 10th day, and
the respiration intensity at the roots and at the above ground parts of corn seedlings of each experimental kind were measured in the
last day of the experiment. In order to test the cadmium effect, this element was administered as a cadmium chloride water solution
(CdCl2) of different concentrations. In this study it was found that the respiration intensity proportionally increases with the quantity
of administered heavy metal. Comparing the results obtained subsequent to the determining of the respiration intensity of the root
and above ground parts of corn seedlings it was found that the highest recorded values of the respiration intensity were obtained at
the above ground parts.
Keywords: cadmium chloride water solution, respiration intensity, experimental variant, seedling, corn caryopses
THE INFLUENCE OF CYTOKININE ON THE NITROGEN DEFICIENCY
OF CORN SEEDLINGS
Lucia MIHALESCU, Monica MARIAN, Oana-Elena MARE-ROSCA, Cristian-Felix BLIDAR
Abstract. In this study we observed the way in which cytokinine influence the growing of corn seedlings and the conditions in
which they present a nitrogen deficiency. We worked with two different concentrations of cytokinine: 1% and respectively 0.1%,
introduced into 800 ml of a complete Knop solution, a Knop solution containing a double quantity of nitrogen, compared to the
control solution, a Knop solution containing half of the quantity of nitrogen and a Knop solution absent in nitrogen. Daily
measurings was made for 14 days, considering the length of the roots and shots, in every experimental variant. This study shows that
a direct proportionality exists between the growing rate of the corn seedlings and the nitrogen concentration. It was also showed that
the average of the growing rate for a period of 14 days was of 0.28 cm at a nitrogen concentration on 2.0 g/l, and only 0.05 cm in
case of nitrogen deficiency. Analyzing the average of the shots growing rate (cm), it was 0.39 in case of the variant with cytokinine
0.1%, 0.45 in case of the variant with cytokinine 1% and 0.36 in case of the control sample.
Keywords: cytokinine, nitrogen, measuring, roots, shots, experimental variant
STATISTICS ANALYSIS REGARDING NITRATE AND NITRITE CONTENT IN
LETTUCE FROM THE WEST SIDE OF ROMANIA
Monica NEGREA, Ciprian RUJESCU, Ersilia ALEXA, Aurel LAZUREANU
Abstract: In this paper we studied the statistics interpretation of nitrate and nitrite content in lettuce.
During three years, between 2005 - 2007 have been made determinations regarding nitrate and nitrite content in garden lettuce.
Samples have been taken from agro-food markets in Timisoara, proceed from a few places in Timis County, in the west part of
Romania.
Nitrate and nitrite content determination have been realized colorimetrically in the Laboratory for the Measurement of Residues
of the Department of Agro-techniques of the U.S.A-V.M.B in Timisoara. The analysis were done with the help of rapid tests AQUA
MERCK, with the Spectrophotometer SQ 118 at a wavelength of 515 and 525 nm for nitrate, nitrites.
The statistics interpretation of the results was done by using the analysis of some statistics parameters like: mean, range,
kurtosis, skewness.
Keywords: lettuce, nitrate, nitrite, statistical parameter
FERTILIZATION OPTIMIZATION IN THE CASE OF THE LUIZA POTATO VARIETY
THROUGH THE REFINEMENT OF THE ROMANIAN CHEMICAL FERTILIZERS
IN THE TG. SECUIESC DEPRESSION (ROMANIA)
Zsuzsanna NEMES, Daniela POPA, Anca BACIU, Luiza MIKE
Abstract. Profitable potato cultures cannot be developed without chemical and/or organic fertilization. The fertilization must
assure the best possible valorization of the intensive varieties’ production potential under the ecological conditions existing in the
cultivation region.
The experiments took place at the Potato Research and Cultivation Station Tg. Secuiesc in the period 2005-2007.
Our research proposed this approach to the aspects of potato fertilization in the case of the Luiza variety, created at the Potato
Research and Cultivation Station Tg. Secuiesc.
To achieve a higher production level, 7 levels of fertilization and 3 types of fertilizers were studied, representing NPK rates of
1:0:0 (ammonium nitrate), 1:1:0 (Complex 20:20:0), respectively 1:1:1 (Complex 15:15:15).
The highest and most stable productions are achieved by adding nitrogen in doses of 150-200 kg active substance / ha, and the
presence of phosphorus and potassium up to these levels provides a maximum production at the application of the binary fertilizer,
Complex 20:20:0, as well as at the application of the fertilizer Complex 15:15:15.
Keywords: potato, variety, fertilization, nitrogen doses, Romania
PRELIMINARY STUDY OF CELL METABOLISM, BY USE OF NBT TEST,
DETERMINATION THE INTENSITY
OF LIPID PEROXIDATION AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY
Annamaria PALLAG, Ladislau RITLI, Ildikó SZABÓ, Mariana MUREŞAN, Diana BEI
Abstract. Otto Warburg, in the early part of the 20th century, originated a hypothesis, that the cause of cancer is primarily a
defect in energy metabolism.
A decrease in the capacity of mitochondria to reduce NAD(P), together with a decline in the NAD(P)H/NAD(P) redox couple,
uncouples oxidative phosphorylation, lead to depletion of ATP and decrease the cell viability.
Nitro-bleu tetrazolium have been used to assay cell proliferation and viability. The method to measure cell proliferation is based
on enzymatic cleavage of the tetrazolium salts to a water-soluble formazan dye.
Succinate-tetrazolium reductase, is an enzymatic sistem, which belongs to the respiratory chain of the mitochondria and it is
active only in viable cells. The reagent diffuses into the cells and it is cleaved to formazan. The absorption change is measured and
analysed.
Free radicals such as superoxide, can cause a damage in cellular components, but several antioxidants inhibiting the lipid
peroxidation and limiting the level of free radicals in cells.
In the present study we had in view the proliferation and viability of leukemia cells during antineoplastic treatment along with
the alteration of the serum level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and ceruloplasmin (CP). With serum level of malondialdehyde we
monitored the presence of the lipid peroxidation by the reactive oxygen species, and with the oxidized ceruloplasmin level in blood
serum we evidenced the activity of antioxidant system in blood.
Keywords: nitro-bleu tetrazolium, leukemia, cell proliferation, MDA. CP
SUGAR BEET (BETA VULGARIS L. VAR. SACCHARIFERA)
VITROCULTURE INITIATION FROM ENCAPSULATED SEEDS
Adriana PETRUS–VANCEA, Nicolae PALCUT, Anca BACIU
Abstract. This study was conducted to identify the optimal method of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris var. saccharifera) seed
sterilization to "in vitro" cultures initiation, and to found a cultivar that is suitable to growth in specific conditions of vitroculture.
The study was necessary because the literature does not refer to the method of initiating vitrocultures from encapsulated beet seeds
and to avoid any losses that may occur in a massive micropropagation. The most optimal method for beet encapsulated seeds
asepsization, prior inoculation on the vitroculture medium consists in the their dipping in sodium hypochlorite solution for 15
minutes, and the best cultivar which was suited to micropropagation was Evelina, but Diamant too, with 90 - 95% germination rate
and a very good ulterior growth.
Keywords: asepsization, Beta vulgaris, micropropagation, seeds
THE SCHOLASTIC LEARNING AT STUDENTS,
IN ACCULTURATION CONDITIONS
Adriana PETRUS-VANCEA, Monica SECUI
Abstract. This investigation’s purpose was to study the relationship between learning styles, individual features, student’s
motivations, and needs, of psychosocial conditions in acculturation, and the results in school learning, for the foreign students
(Moldavians), in comparison with the Romanian ones. At the end of the study we concluded that, concerning the way of learning,
the individual features and school performances there are no significant differences between the two groups of students, but the
motivation of learning, the student’s needs and learning conditions are significantly different, so at the Moldavian students the
extrinsically motivation is more pronounced comparatively to the one declared by the Romanian students, the needs and the learning
conditions being the ones specific for acculturation. Paradoxically, the Romanian students consider themselves discriminated by the
teachers and colleagues, in the same measure as their foreign colleagues.
Keywords: scholastic learning, students, acculturation
ANTIOXIDANT POLYPHENOL AND FLAVONE CONTENTS IN CORRELATION WITH
CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY FOR CALENDULA OFFICINALIS L.
Georgeta POP, Ersilia ALEXA, Andreea Viorica MILITARU
Abstract. During the last two decades there has been a strong trend to returning to plant therapy. Research highlight polyphenol
and flavone content of Calendula officinalis L playing an important role in protecting man’s health. Natural antioxidants are spread
particularly in the plant kingdom[2]. Bio-flavones and polyphenols are man’s main allies in his fight against all threats to body’s
health, including viruses, cancer,, toxic substances and micro-organisms. Antioxidant action of polyphenols is largely used in
medicine and pharmacy as deactivating agents of ultraviolet radiation and metal ions. These substances decompose peroxides and
inhibit the forming action of free radicals, thus hindering disease appearance [3]. The paper aims to establish that the yield capacity
of the analysed cultivars was significant influenced by the cultivation technology. Sowing densities is one of the most important
technological step for marigold. Fertilisation also had great influence on yield capacity. Concerning the polyphenol content and the
flavones content we can observe that the technology had great impact on their quantity and quality, so in order to obtain best results
we should take in consideration the fact that is vital to improve the cultivation technology for marigold. The quality of marigold
yield is given by the content of active elements from the inflorescences. From these elements we study in particularly the
polyphenols and the flavones.
Keywords: scholastic learning, students, acculturation
EFFECTS INDUCED FOLLOWING THE TREATMENTS WITH
COPPER, MANGANESE AND ZINC
ON CORN SEEDS GERMINATION (CARRERA, TURDA 200 AND HD-160)
Edith Mihaela RADOVICIU, Ioana Mihaela TOMULESCU, Vasilica Viorica MERCA
Abstract. Due to the human activities (mining, industrial activity, waste disposal, agricultural practice), pollution by copper,
manganese and zinc is a major problem. To establish the effects induced by copper, manganese and zinc treatments on germination
in corn, we used solution with different concentration for 24 hours. We treated corn seeds with the following solutions: CuSO4 3
ppm, 30 ppm, 300 ppm, ZnSO4 3 ppm, 30 ppm, 300 ppm, MnSO4 3 ppm, 30 ppm and 300 ppm. Control groups were imbued in
distillated water. We determined the energy and capacity of germination. Our results showed that copper solutions significantly
inhibit germination compared to the untreated control. The toxicity of copper is higher if concentration increases. Zinc solutions also
inhibit germination, however their effect highly depend on concentration. The effect of manganese was not so harmful
comparatively with control group.
Keywords: copper, manganese, zinc, seeds germination, corn
RESEARCH ON THE WATER QUALITY OF THE SASAR RIVER (NW ROMANIA)
USING THE NORMALIZED GLOBAL BIOLOGIC INDEX (NGBI)
Oana-Elena MARE-ROSCA, Lucia MIHALESCU, Monica MARIAN, Cristian-Felix BLIDAR
Abstract. In order to elaborate the ecologic diagnosis of the Sasar river basin, the Normalized Global Biologic Index (NGBI)
was used. This index is standardized in the French normatives of determining the quality of flowing waters [6, 7].
The NGBI method allows the assessment of the general quality of a stream by analyzing the benthic macrofauna, the synthetic
expression of the general biologic quality.
The investigated area is mostly included within the industrial perimeter of Baia Mare, where the most significant the most
significant is the mining industry.
The maximum amount of the species belonging to the zoobenthic communities were recorded for upstream of Blidari station
followed by the Valea Mariutii station. Severe alterations of the macroinvertebrate communities, in decreasing order of the impact
intensity, were recorded in the following stations: Valea Firizei, downstream of Baia Sprie, upstream of Baia Mare and downstream
of Baia Mare, the main cause being the anthropic perturbations.
Keywords: Normalized Global Biologic Index, taxonomic abundance, anthropic pressure, Romania
INFLUENCE OF LONG -TERM FERTILIZATION
ON SOIL ENZYME ACTIVITIES
Alina Dora SAMUEL
Abstract. Soil enzyme activities (actual and potential dehydrogenase, catalase, acid and alkaline phosphatase) were determined
in the 0–10, 10–20, and 20–30 cm layers of a brown luvic soil submitted to a complex fertilization experiment with different types
of green manure. It was found that each activity decreased with increasing sampling depth. It should be emphasized that greenmanuring
of maize led to a significant increase in each of the five enzymatic activities determined. The enzymatic indicators of soil
quality calculated from the values of enzymatic activities showed the order: lupinus + rape + oat > lupinus > vetch + oat + ryegrass> lupinus + oat + vetch > unfertilized plot. This order means that by determination of enzymatic activities valuable information can
be obtained regarding fertility status of soils. There were significant correlations of soil enzyme activities with chemical properties.
Keywords: catalase, dehydrogenase, green manure, phosphatase, soil
WHAT TEMPERATURE CAN TOLERATE THE MARSH FROG
FROM THERMAL HABITATS?
PRELIMINARY RESULTS CONCERNING THE 1 MAI SPA’S POPULATION
(NW ROMANIA)
István SAS, Éva-Hajnalka KOVÁCS
Abstract. The aim of this study was the experimental determination of the maximum limit of temperature in which marsh
frogs (P. ridibundus) from thermal water habitats can still survive. For the experiment ten marsh frogs captured from the nonhibernating
population from 1 Mai Spa were used. During the experiment we had determined for each frog the value of two
parameters: VTMax and CTMax. Following the experiment we did not identify significant differences regarding the
thermoresistance of the studied frogs. Thus VTMax had a mean value of 33.9°C and CTMax had the mean value of 36.7°C.
Keywords: Pelophylax ridibundus, non-hibernating, thermal waters, thermoresistance, Romania
THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE ROUMANIAN RESEARCH CONCERNING THE
COLLECTING AND USE OF GERMOPLASM FROM WALNUT TREES
Eliane-Teodora STANCIOIU
Abstract. In Romania, due to the poor variety of the rootstock, the walnut tree is grafted by mixing different Junglas regia L.
saplings. In the County of Gorj, 19 selections corresponding to the mains characteristics of the rootstock have been determinate. On
these selections, various studies determinating their biological nature have been done; fruits have been gathered and used for the
experimental reproductions in the sapling nursery. According to the selection criteria, every year, on each biotype, the springing
percentage have been counted, together with the medium diameter by package, the medium height, the percentage of STAS saplings
obtained, and of thriving in the grafting process using the Jupînesti type. The results of this analyse done in the sapling nursery have
reached to the conclusion that the selection SL-10-TJ has obtained the highest springing percentage (86%). The medium height of
the saplings indicates an irregular growth, which varies between 42 cm (SL-1-TP) and 63 cm (EL-7-TJ). As per the diameter by
package, it varies between 14.1 mm (SL-1-TJ) and 16.5 mm (SL-18-TJ). The percentage of the springing STAS saplings is between
17% for the selection SL-15-TJ and 78% for the selection SL-6-TJ, and the thriving in the grafting process is high for all the
selection, except for SL-9-TJ, with only 55%.
Keywords: Juglans regia L, nut tree, grafting
SIGNIFICANCE OF MORPHOGENETIC INFORMATIVE VARIANTS IN GENETIC
EVALUATION OF MENTAL RETARDATION
Dorina STOICANESCU, Mariana CEVEI
Abstract. We evaluated the presence or absence of informative morphogenetic variants in cases with mental retardation
compared with mentally healthy subjects. Cases diagnosed with mental retardation were matched by age and sex with control
subjects and examined for the presence of informative morphogenetic variants. The aim of the study was to investigate their
prevalence and mean number in these subjects. Mentally healthy individuals showed a lower mean score than those mentally
retarded. A higher mean number was also noticed in cases with idiopathic and in those with severe mental retardation. The increased
number of anomalies in these cases suggests that such congenital markers could indicate a prenatal onset of the mental deficit.
Keywords: informative morphogenetic variants, mental retardation, genetic evaluation
THE ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF THE
CNICUS BENEDICTUS L. EXTRACTS
Ildikó SZABÓ, Annamaria PALLAG, Cristian-Felix BLIDAR
Abstract. Our goal was to test the antimicrobial effect of the aqueous solutions obtained from the soft extract of Cnicus
benedictus L. (Asteraceae family) flowers. The test was performed on Mueller - Hinton and blood-agar culture medium, on 8
standardized bacterial strains and microbiological strains obtained from infected secretions, using the diffusimetric method.
The antimicrobial action of the plant extracts was confirmed by all bacterial tested strains, which presented inhibition zones, of
approximately same values, at solutions with different concentrations. The values we obtained reveal significant differences of the
intensity of the antimicrobial activity of the mature and immature flowers extract.
Keywords: Cnicus benedictus L., aquous solutions, antimicrobial activity
PEROXIDASES ACTIVITY IN THE EMBRYOS OF GERMINATED BARLEY
CARIOPSES, AFTER GRAIN CRYOPRESERVATION
Monica Angela SIPOS, Dorina CACHITA-COSMA
Abstract. This study following the peroxidase activity (PA) in the embryos of germinated barley caryopses (Hordeum vulgare
L.), after 20, 30 and 44 hours of germination. The experimental variants were represented by grains that have been frozen in liquid
nitrogen (LN) (-196ºC) for variable periods of time (5 minutes, 1 hour, 1 day, 1 week or 1 month). The results were represented in
relation with the same parameter registered of the control lots (embryos of caryopses that were not subject of the treatment with
LN). In all situations PA in the embryos was characterized especially by statistically insignificant inhibitions. The inhibitions of PA
with statistical relevance were registered at 20 hours of germination, in the case of the experimental variants of 5 minutes, 1 hour
and 1 day in LN. These results reveals a very well growth of the barley embryos after grains cryopreservation.
Keywords: peroxidases activity, embryos, barley, cariopses, cryopreservation, germination
FISHFAUNA FROM THE LOWLAND MURES RIVER (ROMANIA) AND THE
FLOODPLAIN NATURAL PARK AREA (WESTERN ROMANIA)
Ilie Catalin TELCEAN, Diana CUPSA
Abstract. The lowland Mures river has approximately 120 km in length, thereof more than 80 kilometers are comprised on the
Mures Floodplain Natural Park that was established since the year 2007. This river stretch has different biotopes with lotic or lentic
semblances with very characteristic and diverse fish fauna. Along the lowland main stream a system of canals, marshes and pools
are connected. The results of repeated ichtiological surveys carried out during the years 1998 – 2001 and 2004 reveals that 48 fish
species live in this river sector and other 2 species has uncertain presence. Most of the species from the river mainstream has
maintain their former abundance (24 species) while other 16 fish species has increased their abundance. The burbot Lota lota and
Zingel zingel becomes frequent in the lowland Mures, probably as consequence of their population renewal. The number of fish
species that having undergone regression is less (4 species) and the exotic species present here are limited to 8 species. The major
threatening factors in the lowland Mures represents the mineral aggregate extractions directly from the riverbed and the waste
waters spill. Subsequent, the meanders and backwaters shortening or cutting down has a negative impact on the fish populations.
Keywords: Fishfauna, Mures Floodplain Natural Park, changes in species range, Romania
DATA ABOUT DIGIT RATIO VALUES IN TWO FEMININE POPULATIONS
OF BIHOR AND SALAJ COUNTIES
(ORADEA AND SIMLEU LOCALITIES – NW ROMANIA)
Ioana Mihaela TOMULESCU
Abstract. This paper is about the differences of digit ratio in two human populations from two localities. These localities are:
Oradea and Simleu, from Bihor and Salaj counties. Oradea is a locality with over two hundred thousands of inhabitants, which
means the variability of some phenotipical features must be a large one. Simleu is a smaller locality (has under fifty thousands
inhabitants), which means the variability of some phenotipical features is lower than in Oradea. This fact is showed in our study. We
investigated 100 females in each locality. It were measured the lenghts of the digits 2, 3 and 4, and then we made the digit ratio. The
results are important: the digit lenghts are very different in the two localities; the 2D:4D digit ratio, too.
Keywords: digit ratio, feminine populations, Oradea, Simleu, Romania
EVALUATION OF THE PHYTOREMEDIATION POTENTIAL OF THE
SALIX CAPREA IN TAILING PONDS
Camelia VARGA, Monica MARIAN, Leonard MIHALY-COZMUTA,
Anca MIHALY-COZMUTA, Lucia MIHALESCU
Abstract. The goat willow (Salix caprea) belongs to the typical pioneer vegetation at former ore mining sites in East and
Middle Europe as a result of its high metal-tolerance. Ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi are known to contribute essentially to the
tolerance of plants against abiotic stress. We have determined the absorption/ accretion potential of the goat willow related to heavy
metals, as well as the growth rhythm of this species in conditions offered by polluted sites, correlated to the presence/ absence of the
microbiota in the soil attached to the root. The research unravels how the goat willow (Salix caprea), as a native species can be used
in remediation actions of polluted sites based on its high adaptive potential, as well as on its capacity to absorb and accumulate
heavy metals. In terms of survival strategy, mycorhrised fungi attached to the polluted soil play a significant part, since they induce
plants a certain resistance by diminishing the absorption of heavy metals by the host plant. We suppose that the majority of EM
associations of S. caprea, in combination with high portions of metal-chelating organic acids containing fungal partners, contributes
essentially to the high tolerance of this species against high metal concentrations in the soil.
Keywords: Salix caprea, fungi, heavy metals, phytoremediation, mycorrhizae